Where are workers facing more financial pressure in today’s health plans — and where might that pressure be easing? Using a decade of data from the Merative MarketScan Commercial Claims Database and Benefit Plan Design, this chartbook explores how enrollment has shifted across plan types and how deductibles and copayments have changed for key medical services from 2013–2023. The result is a revealing look at how cost sharing in employment-based coverage is evolving and what it may mean for affordability, access, and the worker experience.

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Real Had D ed the ucti Lob w les estA D red e D uecr ctib easing les in A Almo l Years ng Copay D C A Amo n ed on pu u ay n ctib al g m me en Ou En ln es ts r t ts - o of A A lA lre ees r -r Po e e Rising H H cke W ig ig ih th h t est est M for Em axi fo fo Emergenc p r mu r l o H Em y SA ms ee erg -- Eli T On ry en en g lDepartment y ib cy d C led e o D H v ep u erag ealth partmen Un e, and ti Plan Ou l 201 t Specialist ts Visi -of 7 an -an Po ts d d H an cke H Rd av A Phy t s, IM n e p sicia H axi Tatien r M en mu O/EPOs n dt Visits ed ms A d D W mission o ere H but wad n Sin Decreasing H th ig s e ce; h — L est o A th w v fo est e erag rM for H D oR st e ed Inpatient AStil Exp u En ctib lr en N ollo es lsiv ees w Admissio h ie n ere T Set A h l lr N o ti Yea ear u n n g g and h ris n 201 9, Average Coinsurance Rates Have Ticked up Slightly for Emergency Department Visits, Inpatient Admission Visits, and Out Out Copay Out Trends Copay Coin Dat Trends Li Cente Trends Copay Trends m -of a - - itation -of of Pocke surance r - - m m m Pocket Pocket for in in in in ent ent ent t (OOP) P P E P s Research nrol lan lan lan In In InM creases creases creases Deducti Deducti Deducti Maxim Maxim aximums lment on um um A by re and and and bl bl bl Health Low P es es es Lev Trend lan V V V er A (C (C ariati ariati ariati els T mong ontin ontin s Benef ype on on on Union ued) ued) (C (C its Montin ontin embers Innov ued) ued) ation Old Pri Em Sp Office Office IOu Plan Office Ou Ou IEm Salari U Old Office Pri Em IEm Sp Sp IIEm D Ou Pri Em fo Office Em Ou Em D Em IIIOu D IOffice n n n n n n n n ned ed n ed p p p p p p p p p reciali eciali eciali i ma ma ma t t t t t tatien atien atien atien atien atien atien atien atien erg erg erg erg erg erg erg erg erg Em o er er - - - - - -u u u of of of of of of n En ctib ctib ctib ed r r r En En - - - - - -Visi Visi Visi Visi Visi Visi M en en en en en en en en en p y y y Po Po Po Po Po Po r ls s s t t t t t t t t t em C C C o o W r r lllcy cy cy cy cy cy cy cy cy t t t A A A A A A A A A o o es es es cke cke cke cke cke cke ly are are are t t t t t t Ph Ph Ph lo d d d d d d d d d llee me b llC C C C C C D D D D D D D D D ,,r ees ees mission mission mission mission mission mission mission mission mission Vary ers kers b b o o o o y o y o y t t t t t t -ep ep ep ep ep ep ep ep ep Ph Ph Ph On n sici sici sici y y iiiiiiM M M M M M n n n n n n t artmen artmen artmen artmen artmen artmen artmen artmen artmen IIC C su su su su su su axi axi axi axi axi axi H y y y In n l s sici sici sici y Sli h h an an an H av d d r r r r r r Sh o o mu mu mu mu mu mu u u C av an an an an an an e L o o g stry stry C C C C C C C C C Office Office Office o an an an se se h e H ice, ce, ce, ce, ce, ce, v o o o o o o o o o fti ms ms ms ms ms ms tl t t t t t t t t t erag o iip p iip ii n n n n n n Office Office Office y C C C C C C C C C n ,,L L w ay ay ay i su su su su su su ,,,,,,b b b b b b g g A A o o o o o o o o o o o b er b b b b b b y y y y y y h w w mo mo iiiip ip ip me me me y Visi Visi Visi to n n n n n n e, r r r r r r y y y y y y er ay ay ay C IGen U A T an an an an an an er er D Gen su su su su su su n A IIGen A C y H g ln an n n n n n n n ed d me me me ass Visi Visi Visi D p g g lt t t ce, ce, ce, ce, ce, ce, D D e, ir r r r r r ts, ts, ts, d d M g g u ass o e ed an an an an an an e, e, C C C d d u u ed ed u stry d n O/EPO IIA d n n n o o o er, o n n stry stry ctib er, It t t b b b b b b b b b u ce, ce, ce, ce, ce, ce, o A A er, ts, ts, ts, n Sta mo p p p u u f d d C C C y y y o y y y y y y ctib f mo mo creasin ay ay ay ctib ctib H ii, A f v v o o o Em an T A Gen IU T C A Gen l,,A b b b ealth 201 b b b b b b n n iiW tu e p p p mo me me me y y d d g A A g n ly y y n n y y y y y y mo d g s lass ay ay ay d p p u u e, lles o s, e, i mo mo an p g g u es es o Gen T A C A U T Gen Ie T e Ials als d r 3 n d D n n n n l stry me me me n n y o ker, y g IIh n g A A ln A – er, d g o er, d o ts, ts, ts, n n T i ass d p Plan p n n g y T T o e, fferen an g e, i2023 mo mo Sta mo f u f d d h o ie H ee, e Ig g W W h h f n n n d v d n i H stry H iian In ,A n A b b b A an an A v v SA Em n its, ts, ts, er, o er, o d 201 IIN iid A ealth ealth n n o n y y y tu n n iimo th th mo mo d Sta mo f R f ,id d u A o mo g g v f g d d H i H A Gen T A - H Ev Ev u u ,s, eal b b b v al A p n A ces i mo Eli Em iia a 3 o d y IIIA v v als als ealth mo g n iealth n y y y n n l- tu mo n n mo n d s – o u p u U n A iiD D ery ery e, g g mo g g d d d d d g A T Gen Plan u Plan 2023 y r e T als g s, n W mo n p d ed ed iiu u liA iy n Ials ee, Ig IW W In erms v v y g A n v b n iln er, n o n Ip al al o o io g o r n e, A iin ig th g ld mo u u d d f d d W d e iid Plan e IPlan e n n n n y W g d th th s s mo d n I,i,ctib ctib i iH u u iW u IA ee, Ie e n v g A A v v Gro v er, o o H n id n A a W A W W iIal al v als ealth iid mo n ith n imo mo F Em f r d iElse Else id d d ealth d Imo d mo ib n th C v kers in o g s s d iid am H ,iu ,iu v u llu th th A A iy v g v o d e e r a w iu d A A ials W W als ealth n W al Iv al n kers in ia mo mo d p iin n 10 n d als u d Ian an mo imo C n v ig Em F ig g n u ln s d s iid g ilg u Plan C als u o ith th su th y o am d Plan als d g u Ii W Ials W IW als d d n n W y o Percen n v In Iin in u W n C als n n n ee p v g g Ov ir ia a d a d id Em F iPlan in g al id g W d ian d su o th ith lth th i ilW d i,io am IIC C su u W th C v W y i- v iv v s n n s IIiv er T A v On u W y n ial n th ce, io o erag r io ia a a d d p C d a iid id iW ee th al F an mo r d d d th a d th ip iiis ,iilu an u n C o u C ln C r th C v v o iu lit u a s ay y i A v C o als y v - als su v als i a th W su ce, ii201 o o y o als o a an als On a me d d in im mo C ce, W C erag o e, ee d p a C d ime p iC u u ig n C C n r ir o o a th u ay u ay d io n W an C als als o an W C su W l201 201 th su 3 o - io v W als W Iy als n v su C n On 201 i n n o i – o me p erag i me a in in g ierag e, ce, su n th ce, C o ir d t, th ith i2023 r a mp ay su th th n an W W r an C su 3 3 iiN o IlW W an n v 201 201 C su n y 3 n r n – – a o a me a v o iir ian a su a 201 ce, – d 201 th t, th ce, r o ir 202 2023 e, t, d iC p an erag e, th min C ce, th eh C an C r 2023 i iC u C ay v an o 201 n 3 3 ce, 201 r o n o 201 o a a als ce, 201 i o an o v su a – – 201 3 en a ce, 3 201 d it, 3 p p me n 201 p C ce, C ierag 2023 2023 al – – u e, n C ay ay C su ce, 3 201 ay 201 3 r 2023 siv 2023 o o 3 als W su 201 3 o an o – T – 3 201 3 n ip – 201 me me – n 3 201 p me 2023 r i2023 – erms – it, 2023 ay n r an e 2023 th e, 201 – ce, su 3 3 ay 2023 2023 an W su 3 2023 – 201 – n 3 n an me 3 n – 201 ce, 3 me a 202 r 2023 i – t, t, – ce, t, th r 202 an 3 201 – 202 d an 202 C 201 201 – b 2023 3 n 201 n 201 o 3 a ce, PPO 2023 3 – y t, 201 ce, t, 3 – p 3 2023 3 C 3 23 201 2023 3 3 – ay 3 201 o 3 201 – – 2023 – 3 201 /p – 202 me 202 Percen PO 202 – 3 ay 2023 3 202 – 3 – 3 n me 2023 S – 3 3 3 202 – t, 2023 3 202 201 nt 3 t,fo 3 201 3r – F 202 3 am –2023 3 ily U IC U 2022 Sp Emer C U U C Samp C C nn n o n o o o o n peci iiiip p p p p ati o o o o ay ay ay ay ay n n n n –g en al l2023 e men men men men men M M M M en is M temb emb emb emb cy t A ean Ph .ts ts ts ts ts d ID mi n er er er er y fo fo fo fo fo ep s 2013 si ssi s s s s ,r r r r r Po ar ci H H H H Emer Sp Pr Pr In o an av av av av tmen p ln iiieci an mar mar cy ati e e e e C Vi d g L L L L o en al H si t en o o o o y y p 2021, io C w w w w t st t ay C C l cy o C A d er er er er ar ar Ph men p er o d ay D e e p mi Pr Emer ISp ,n Ou y ay ep Ph Ph 2023 men p si issi ts eci mar ati men t ar ci y y -D of g o si si an en al tmen ts en n iy - ci ci ffer its Po s st t C Vi Var an an cy A Var ar D Ph cket si d t Ver o e D Vi Offi Vi mi y ts y y ep N Ph Sl si si si ssi y b Var o M ce ts its ar ci y Sl y g t axi si o h D an Itmen Var y Var in Vi n g tl ci i d ffer b mu s h y si Vi u an y ;tl y y C ts str i si y t Ims n b o b n B Offi C B t y p A y d y M etw o C ay etw r u IIW o n e p n o str ce men st d ay d p er Sl een u ee u ay y men Vi Years, e str istr g n men H ts si h Sal y y Sal tl it g ts T y C h ar h ts ar H est o T H an ip ih ed iT o g ed ay an h u h N fo an r er an men o lan rN y n PPO/ fo d o N - W d U n o H r ts o H n -n H o U r io -T o ker u o POS n U u h n r u ir n lo an y r lW s iy ln o y Emp H o W n En W N Emp r av o W o ker o rn rr e o o lker ker o -lr s U H lly o ker ees; n iees fo y s g s iees o h rs n er M Ou W o C st o to -rof p Years ker ay -Po men s cket ts Maximums Were Seeing the Largest Increases. Nominal OOP Maximums Have Increased for All Plan Types. Real OOP Maximums Have H Exc MO/ ep EPO, t 201 PPO/ 9 POS, HRA, and HSA Enrollees With a Deductible and Employee-Only or Family Coverage. For Family Primary Care Physician Visits. Real Copayments Are Decreasing for Nearly All Types of Health Care Services. W Excep Statu Hih gih ch est to t to r 2019 y fo R M receiv axi Comp mu e r m H eh eal en th si C ve arA efter 2019, and Lowest for HMO/EPO Enrollees Across All Years Office Visits Coverage Since 2013 Out-of-Pocket Maximums, by Union Status, 2013–2023 D Lo ecr wes eased t for H foM r O/ PPO/ EPO POS Enran olld ees. for HRA With Family Coverage and Increased for HMO/EPO and for HRA With Family Coverage. Coverage, Nominal Deductibles Are Decreasing for HMO/EPO and Increasing for PPO/POS, HRA, and HSA Enrollees. For Emergency Department Copayments, by Class of Employee, Among Individuals With a Copayment, 2013–2023 Deductibles, by Co T pa ype yme ofnt He s fo alth Pl r Inpa an, tieAmong nt Admis Indiv sion idua Visls its W , by ith Industry a Deduc , tAmon ible and E g Indiv mploy iduae ls e- W Only ith a C ove Copa ray ge, me20 nt, 13 20 –1 20 32 –3 2023 Real $ Nominal $ Emplo Co yee pay -On ment lys C fo Out or vP er Inpa -rim of ag Deduc -P a tie e, oc rynt Ca k D e tible ed Ad t rM emis u a P scti x , hy imums by sb s ion Copay ic lAg es iae n , A , by Of Amon re T fic Ime y n e pe cr V g nt of is Indiv easi sits , Hea by , n idua by Cla g lth Cla fo ls s Ps r W la s of H s n, ith M of E Amon O/ mploy a E mploy Deduc EPO g e Indiv ean e , tible e Amon , d idua Amon a PPO/ nd E g lsIndiv g W POS mploy Indiv ith idua Eidua mploy an ee ls -d W Onl ls D W ith eecr y eith -Co a Onl easing Co a v e y Co pa ra Co pa ge yv me y , efo me 2 ra nt 0r ge 1 , nt H 3 2 , – , R 0 2 2 2 1 0 A 0 0 3 1 2 1 – 3 3 an 3 2 – – 0 2 2 d 2 0 0 3 2H 2 3 3SA Copayme Out nt Co -s of pa fo -P y r oc me Spe knt ec t s ia M fo li as x r t imum, S Ppe hyc sia ic by li ia s T n t P y Of hy pe fic s of ic e V ia Hea is n its V lth is , its by Pla , Cla by n, I Amon sndustry s of E g mploy Indiv , Amon idua eeg , Amon ls Indiv With idua g Fa Indiv ls mil W idua yith Co ls a v W e Co ra ith ge pa, y a2 me Co 01nt pa 3– , 2 y 20 me 02 13 3 nt –, 22 00 21 33–2023 Co Cpa op Deduc y ay me ment nttible s s fo Co fr or spa P , rim by Spec yme He Deduc ary nt ia a Ca lth s lis , tible by tr P e Phys la T Pn T s y hy , pe ic by s y of ic ia pe G ia n , Hea e n V Amon nder is Of its, lth fic , g Amon e Care by Un V Indiv is its S g ion idua e, Indiv rv by ic Statu ls Ie ndustry idua W , Amon ith s,ls A a W mon , g Deduc Amon ith Indiv g aIndividuals Deduc tible idua g Indiv a lstible nd Fa W idua ith W , ls 2 mil a ith 0 Co W 1y 3 a ith – pa Co C 2023 op y a vme e Co ay rant pa ge ment , y , 2me 2 00 1 , 1 3 20 nt 3 –– , 2 13 2 2 00 0 2 –2 1 3 2023 3 3–2023 Emergency Depa De rtme ducOut tible nt Co -of spa , -P by y oc me Un ke nt ion t M s, aS by xtatus imums Union , Am , S by ong tatus, Ty pe Ind Amon of ividu Cog a vls e Indiv ra W ge ith idua , 2a 0 1 De ls 3 W – duc 20 ith 2tible 3a Co , 2 pa 01 y3 me –20 nt 2, 32013–2023 25% Copay Inpat ment 3 Deduc ie 5 s % nt Ave fo A r dmiss ra P tible rim ge s a An , ry ions by nual Ca Ag C re op P e P , eAmon hy ay rce ment snt ica ia g ge n s, Indiv Of Ch by Un fic a idua nge e V ion is ls in its W Statu Co , ith by pa s, a Union y Deduc me Amon nts Stible g , tatus, by Individuals T a y nd Fa Amon pe of mil Hea g W Indiv yith lth Co a v Care idua C era op ge ls ay S W e , No ment rv 2ith 0mina ic 13 e a, – , Co 20 2 2l 0 0$ 13 2 1 pa 3 3– – y20 2 me 02 2nt 3 3 , 2013–2023 30% • Average deductibles are trending Deduc up tible in real s, by Cla and ss no of W min orke al r, Amon terms. g Individuals With a Deductible, 2013–2023 • • S Increases mall differ in enc ded es uct Co in pa ibles deductibles yme Real $ ntalso s for Evary me rge by by nc gender y healt Department h ar plan e gr Vis .owing its, by Indus . Ther try, e Amon are g lar Indiv ge idua diff lser Wenc ith a es Copa in yme deductibles nt, 2013–2023 Nominal $ 25% Real $ Nominal $ 30% Nominal $ 45% Nominal $ Real $ En 30%rollees. Enrollment by Plan Type, 2013 –2023 Nominal $ 25% $8,000 Deductibles, by Type of Health Plan, Among Individuals With a Deductible, 2013–2023 25% 22 05 % % 25% Real $ 25% Real $ Real $ Nominal $ Nominal $ 45% Real $Real $ Real $ ® $4,000 Nominal $ $4,500 • Average out Not • • • • • Th Cop O Coin Unio alO l ere c P harts ayment n surance maxim is vs. non -min of are -po s ums or bas have hasn cke -un varia hav ed on the ion t ’t increased (O e trended tio increased emp On P) in loyee maximu ful cop l up s in ampl mu ayment cop no slims ch ghtl min e for ayment on are yal s i n nomi three bet a terms still percentag s wvary een reason sub nal fo: r stan salar but emergency s e: remai -tially Firs po ied int t, and ned belo thi basis. s dep ho s anal w imi urly th artmen lar y e siiemp stat n s real ex t ut c loyees and ludes ory terms maximu dependen : bu Betw t large een m. Nomina ts2013 and l $ $10,000 Nominal $ 20 25% by % age, payroll, and union status. Average An Rea nual l $ Rea Perc l e $ntage Change in Out-of-Pocket Maximums, by Type of Hea $8,0 lth 00 Plan and Type No of mina Co l v $erage, 2013–2023 25% • This This The study study bigge $2made wa ,800st s ch co us ange nduc Rea e Rea Rea l of $ l ted l in plan enrollment $ $ data throug from h the the Mera EBRI Center wa tivs ethe Mark movement for etS Reca sen ar of ch Co $2enr ,20on 0mmerc ollees He No No mina alth mina Nial omin from l l $$ Benefit Claims al $ preferr s Da etabas d e $7,000 25% Real $ $350 Nominal $ Average Annual Percentage Change in Deductibles, by Type of Hea $170lth Plan and Type of Coverage (2013–2023) 80% Real $ $8,000 18% ReaRea l $ l $ 18% 18% Nominal $ 19% Nominal $ 22% 22% $10,000 Rea Rea l $l $ Nominal $ o All Enrollees: Among enrollees with deductibles, nominal deductibles increased from Nomin 2013 al $to 2023. When inflation is o The $9,0 lar 00gest i Reancrease i l Percentage n Rea Ch employ l a$ nge ee-only deductibles between 2013 and $8,000 2023 $4occ 0 urred among enrollees in Real ACo gepayments, by Type of Health Care Service, Among 44 S No alar mina ied l vCo s. H pa ou yrl me y nts, by Type No mina of Hea l $ lth Care Service, Among $80 $45 40% $70 $600 Nomina 18% l $ 30% 18% 18% 18% 18% 18% 18% focus specialist and 2023, varia es $3 s ,0tio 0 ol 0 el n ybet on pol O ph O w ysician P Rea een maximums ic l y $un hol Rea Rea of ion ders. S l $ fice l $ and for visits, ec no emp ond, not n-bu loy unt ion ee in ev - o real emp ery nlyone terms, loyees. covierage n the all s iserv nc ampl reased ices e has except at eac an h ty av emergency erage pe of annual cost sharing rate of (e.g., 3 $210 Real $ $7,264 17% No $6mina 0 No l mina Perce l nt $ age Change 17% $500 Real $ $450 18% $7,181 $7,234 $ 18% 7,183 18% $3 $5 8,0 $6 0,0 0 00 $4,50 $0 30 $31 $7,000 25% $18% 7,022 $4,00 $0 2,617% 00 17% 17% $6,923 Coinsurance, by Type of Health Care Service, Among Individuals With Coinsurance, 20N 1 No 3 omin -$2023 mina 6,84al 8 l $$ $350 Real $ $3,500 22% $ $4 40 50 Innovat and pr Benefit 4ovider 0% ion (EBRI P orlan Des ganiz Rea CR ation l $HBI). ign (PPO)/point (cLaun opyright ched © -in 2010, of 2023 -ser $ 3vi Mera 9 ce the (POS) tiv CR e HBI , and all rights focus $3,0co 00 mpre esre on se hen Nom helping rved) sive inal . $ health The employ Mera plans er tiv s e to 18% 17% 2 Indiv 5% iduals With a Copayment, 2013-2023 Individuals With a Co No pa mina ymel nt $, 2013-2023 $9,000 $8,000 $8,000 $160 $7,000 $2,000 o In oo 17% $2023, 40Betw Emergency the een 17% statutory 2013 dep and 2023, Rea artmen O l O $ P maxim t c voi isit ns um c urance opay wasments $9,100 for for emergency were Rea emp about l $ loy dep 21 ee artmen percen -only cov t t lv ow isits erage er i n heal inc , No but reased mina th pl acl tual from $ ans O of O 18 perc uni P $on 6,211ent accounted for, real deductibles increas 21% ed from 2013 to 20 21% 22 but decreased in 2023. 20% Under 26 71%6% Salaried $300 $6,022 57% 18% o$4,0G c 0omprehens 0ender: In $72013, 0ive plans the Rea R. ea di l l fferenc $ % es21% in deductible by gender were $5,872less than 4 perce 20% nt; by 2023, Nominal $ 21% Real $ 20% $700 Real $ Nominal $ 25% 25% copay dep percen ments artmen $3,5 t 0i 0 n nomi and ts chad oi nal ns urance decreases terms. ), and OOP in maxim data w copayment ums ere s for ometi s. fam Th mes e ily chan cov misges erage s $3i5ng. by Data i1nc ann .5%reased w ual ere rate mi at san s(real, ing No avbec mina erage annual no aus l min $ e s al) ome be $5,51 rate 8 nefi of t $2,500 20% $40 Real $ 20% 20% 20% $2,000 $ $7 6,0 ,00 00 0 Nominal $ $9,000 Real Percentage $46 20% $3 18% 5 Nominal Percentage $291 $200 Real $ 20% 19% $6,000 20% 20% $189 20% No 20% minal $ Nominal $ 20% 20% 25%$450 $8,00025% 20% 35% 20% $180 $3,500$7,000 20% 19% 17% 20% $12,0 20 0% 0 $70 $2,400 $188 Real $ Nominal $ 20% 20% $320% 00 17% 20% 20% 70% $250 20% 20% ®20% 20% 20% $4020% 0 17%$2,705 19% Real $184 $ $7,00 $0 2,655 19% $282 17% 17% $4,467 17% 17% $350 17% $4,000 19% $60 $2,602 $2,593 $400 $3,000 $4,408 $4,369 $346 No No mina mina l $l % 1% 12 60 % % max o26 – iemploy Salaried to mums 34 $320 per ,500 19% averaged ees cvs. ent. in 2023 ( ho $4urly ,2$3,606. 60 Figur emple oy 18) 19% ee . copaymen 20% ts: 20% Hourly 19% Nominal $ 43% 20% $190 Real $ Nominal $ 19% 19%$2,472 $35 ass Marke health ess tS the can maint impact Databases enanc of Replan ae l $organiz contain design ati $4,0 indiv on on cost, 88 (H idual MO)/ qualit -lev exc el, lusive y, de and -identi provider $acc 2,4 $1 12 50ess fied $29to health organiz health $50$ 0 N 2,4 omin 11insur ati $al 2car ,4 $ 0on 3 19% ance e, (EP with O) enrollment the and differences in deduc $3,98525% tibles by gender exceeded 12 $3,960 percen $30 t. $2 Men ,357 are picking $2,3hi 57$gher 50 -deductibl 19% e plans $323 20%$8,000 $4,000 $3,913 Real $ $3,000 20% 19% $6,00019% 19% 19% 19% Nominal $ $2,270 $43 16% $42 $300 Real $ 18% 18% 65% 18% $1,800 Nominal $ 19% 2$ 03 % 2 plan provi $30 3 per are as cs ent $i 3 fo ons ,59llo 6in may w nominal $176 s: not Rea ter send a suffi l $ ms. ciently $363 strong $3s ,60 tatis 6 $3,6ti 06cal $2s 7ignal $7,0to be 00 19%represented in the Benefit Plan Desi 19% gn 2 6% 0% 35% $8,000 19% $42 $176 $332 9% $1,800 $350 $3,50$ 046 64% 19% $158 $5 16% ,000 $42 64% $200 $300 19% 18% $7,000 $35 $4,000 $2,500 $60 20% $60 $500 $25 10% $180 o$50Employee$-2O ,20n 0ly Coverage: Real deductibles for employee-only coverage increased from $1,380 to $1,407 from $260 2013 to o Employee-only dedu 20%ctibles among enrollees in HRAs an 63%d HSA $4 -3eligibl $6e ,00he 0 al $3th p 0 lans fell both in real an $37d nominal 19% $9 4.2 00 5 0.3 %% $60 $0 1,771 20% $168 20% $3,500 $250 $152 35 22% –44 $1 $8,0 ,60 89 0 $206 24% 14% $617% ,000 18% $ $ $ 3 3 4 5 0 50 0 17% 30% $31520% 20% $316 17% $350$160 1.0% $8 2.2 ,5% 00 $151 $2,000 $1,566 $1,589 $37 $10,000 19% 19% 20% $ $3 6,0 0 00 $350 19% 20% $149 $149 $149 $6,0over 00 $7,0ti 00me, while average deductibles have remained re $1,480 lativ 61% ely $8,0 c 61% 00onstant among women (Figur 19%e 7). $30 $3,500 20% $25 $25 7.0% $3,5019% 0 $1,380 $162 19% $1,405 $46 19% $1,407 $50 $3,000 60%20% $5,000 $248 20% 19% $3,000 $29 $1,342 $1,3$181 36 $140 $6,01% 00 $25 16% $60 and goal $41 health plan of inc des sa re19% vi as ign ngs ing information ac co $29co ns 19%unt umer (H $30from enga SA 19% )-employers eligible gement. 19% health and 19% plans health . The per plans 18% $3,0 00 ac ce ro ntag ss the e of Un enr ited ollees States in that $350 Database. Because of mi $195 ssing data, $41 we were not able to $1,2 determi 7$ 426 ne the 19% percen$tage 6,000 of the population with 19% 14%$ $41 7$ ,0 20 ,0 000 19% $159% 80 $$ 14 ,6 ,5 00 00 19% 18% 18% $29 $300 $6,000 $50 $166 19% $28 19% 19% Rea 19%l $$297 19% 19% 19% 19% 18% 18% 18% 18% $1o 0,0$ 01 0In 70oo $42023, 3 $3,5 Coi Inp $28 00 ? 20atien ns %the Emergency urance $190 st tatutory adm for ission inp O dep O atien P artmen copay maxim t adm ments 18% t um v issions isit w w as c ere opay $18,200 fo ilnc ow ments reased er among w r from fam ere $45 0uni il nearly 16 perc y on cov mem ierage denti ent bers c to , $al 2but ac 720 s in 2023 i tarting 18% percen tuali O n heal n 2014 an t. OP 18% th pl maxim 19% $239 d ans w ums ere of $30 5% $2,000 $29 $155 $ 8% 500 12.2% $1,600 60 $% 30 14% 2022 but decreased to $1 $175 274 in 2023, while nominal deductibles 58% for employee-$ on 2,50ly 0 cov $24 erag $161 e increased from $1,055 to $41 $3,0terms 00$153 from $ $3 20 $42 ,002013 to 0 20% $174 2023. 20% Average employee-only deduc $25ti 0bles $6,0 among 00 HRA enrollees $139 fell 4 percent in real 19% terms $24 and $200 $27 18% 45 –54 $44 $40 18%25% 18% Union $2515% 0 $24 $30 $250 $44 $40 $200 57% $40 20% 20% $5,000 4.4% $36 $160 30% $284 $43 $25 $400 • $3Th 50o1ere 5%(2 is percen little t varia $40 decrease, tion in 1 th percen e aver t dec age rease) annual for rate inpof atien $chan 9,0 $0 3t 0 0adm ge $40in issions. OOP maximums by type of 14% health $300 $45 $179 $50 20% $23 $25 $23 $35 $400 $41 $44 7.3% $1 $29 ,0 $146 0 $2 0518% $2 $5 60 ,000 $42 $49 $152 18% $152 8% 17%$166 17% 18% $42 17% 18% 17% $3,500 $150 19% 18% $3,000 19% $299 19% 19% 19%12% $221 $379 20% 15% $28 $7,0 $1 04 0014% 18% 19% $35 various 15% types $7,000 $of 500cost25 -s %haring 14% $29 arr $171 $28 angem 14%ents. We 14% were also 14% not $16abl 0 e to $3ex 0019% ami $3,0 ne c 00 ost sharing for prescription $25 15% $28 $170 $29 $300 $4,000 $22 18% $161 $25 $2,500 $1,4 $0 10 30 $145 $5,0$ 04 0,000 $50 $29 $289 3.9% $$ 54 05 $400 $3,000 $143 $251 provide HMO/EP $6,00$ 0health 2,500 O plans coverage $29 $28 inc $41 refor ased betwee by 90 n per 19 ce and nt,25 rismillion p ing from 0.5eople %10 per , depe cent nding in 2013 upon to 19 the per year, cent 15% 5.0% averaged $264 34 perc s$6,022 alent aried low (F and hourl er igure in 2023 (Figure 27). y empl $285 oyees 19). (Figure 14). $22 $5,000 $20 $126 0 $46 $360 $46 $6,000 $ $1 5,0$0 0,27 0 554 –64 from $158 2013 to 2023 (Figu $49 re 3) — $28 a $158 7 perce 25% nt decrease and a Non-un 21 perc ion ent $46 increase, respec $144tively. Real deduc 78% tibles o A 1.8 ge: percen Average $1,8t 00in nomi deduc $29 nal tibl terms es and age . Average of enroll empl $25 ee oyee are -onl negati y deduc velyti c bl orr esel among ated $139 — HSA olde -el r w igi ork ble ers pl an cho enroll ose $25 ees $139 fell 4.4 $4 17% 0 $28 17% $21 $20 $242 $25 6.7% $300 $2,0 $40 $ $28 0 20 ,500 $45 13% $45 15% 12% 4% 16% $25 7% $24 $44 $35 $141 15% $40 $30 15% $28 $157 $205 $159 $140 $238 $2,5plan 00 $3,0 . 00 $273 $$ 24 ,5 ,0 00 00 $1,400 $24 $122 15% $$ 52 020 $600 $41 13% 13% $8,000 $28 12$27 % $270 $27 $46 $132 $2,0$5 00 $119 ,0 $00 200 $155 $394 16%$35 $140 $152 $300 $151 $46 $44 $152 $43 $152 $250 $5,000 $5,000 $4$ 025 $332 $2,000 $155 $24 $137 $24 $ $3 29 5 $15 $27 0 15% $46$43 $193 $193 $43 $38 $151 $24 $35 $5,000 $388 $130 $137 $0 o $35Coi 0 nsurance for office Empv loyisits ee-Onl$31 yincreased from 19 percent to $321 perc 7 $3,000 ent. $228 Family $152 $23 15% $45 $40 $45 $140 $42 drugs, $2,500 $2 as 00 that $6,000 information was not included i$39 n the Benefit Plan Design Databas $23 $e. 20 Final $23 l$380 y, thi $225 s analys $26 is excluded $149 15% $40 $259$$42 200 16% $42 $44 $3,500 $42 $1,500 $40 $350 $6,000 $1,200 $8,000 25% $183 $30 $42 19% 19% $145 $26 $144 $4,000 $460 $24 10%$400 $112 $144 $30 $131 $24 50% $200 o (0 1percen 5% t decrease, 1 percent increase) for emergency dep Union artmen t visits. $217 23% $250 $39 w $50ere 0 $1,589 in 2020 and continued to decrease afterw $142 ard. $2,0$ 01 020 $ $2 15 20 0 $39 $315 pl percen $42 ans w t ith in real t lower erms deduc $30 $448 and tibl1.8 perc es$30 . This i ent s cions n nomi $248 istent w nal terms ith ec onomi (Figure c theory 6). $22 , as older workers with more 6% $39 $5,0 $41 00 $1,600 20% $173 $174 $2$ 04$ 0200 19% $38 $40 $150 betwee in 2023. n $6,0 2013 $30 00 The and per2023 centage Emp. loyThis ee-O nof ly analy enrollees sis is in HSA bas $122 ed -on a eligible $2,5 $116 sa 00 mple health $2,5of 00plans 3.3 $300 to doub 8.4 Family million led $138 between $309 $243 $2,000$400 $42 $25 $37 $39 $250 $293 $305 $$27 5,000 $40$168 15% $150 3.0 $% 20 $37 $29 $39 $29 $21 $7,000 $37$25 $4,000 $5,000 $20 $421 18% $163 18% $21 $123 $342 $25 $37 $208 $256 $478 $27 $201 $131 $23 $340 $136 $23 $18 3% 0 $27 $160 $472 $27 $159 $40 6%0.0% $36 $37 $30 o The o Specialist nomi ? nal Inp atien OO ph P t y maxim adm sician ission um office 2for 013cemp opay v 20 isit 14 loy ments c 20opay 1ee 5 -2 on w 0ments $23 16ere ly 2cov 0about 17 werage ere 201825 perc low 20av 19er eraged: among 2ent 020$2,5 hi 20 00 gher 2 1uni 20on 2in 2 mem 2023 2023 bers in heal starting th plans in 2013 of $250 $39 $ $2 4,0 ,00 00 0 $155 $120 $134 $120 pol $i2c 50 yhol $28 $300ders w $27 ho were enrolled in their plan for less than $4a y 0 $3ear. 00 Therefore, $268 our $1,2 resul 00 ts do $202 $335 not speak to 10% $2,000 $457 $38 $3,000 17% $150 $150 $333 $34$327 $24 $327 $117 $500 $2,500 $150 $247 $124 $263 $4,000 $35 $26 10% $G 3,0 en 0 $0 1de 50r $150 $149 $1,000 $117 17% $215 $149 $4,0 $0 3 $189 4 0 $325 $151 $128 o O $2O ,00P 0 maxim $147 $188 ums for empl $38 oyee-only coverage averaged $les 5,00s 0 in union plan $1,5 s 00($2,675) $24 than $126 in $126 non- $37 $27 $23 $25 $164 $194 $27 10% $145 $434 $$34 2,0 $2 03 0 $15 $147 $20 $$ 41 060 $35 $140 $1heal 30 th challenges know they will have to use more health care. Over ti $33 me, $ $3 30 ,000these differenc $146 $34 es $298 in $146 $210 $1,40 $235 0 $236 2013 2014 20 $142 15 2016 2017$200 2018 2019 2020 $110 2021 2022 2023 $190 $242 • It is not surprising that coin $376 surance increases have been limit$ed. 4,000 $143 10% $25 $30 $177 $38 $1,5 8% 00$15 $299 $33 $23 $23 $120 $400 $150 $176 $26 $117 $255 $2$33 $110 00 $4,000$4,000 $23 15% $100 $33 $118 $140 $140 $185 polic 10 1% 02013 % yholders 20 $% 1,50 $136 0and $345 2023 , depe , inc nding reas on ing $345 the from year, 6 per wh $35 ce o $228 we nt to re $35$ 12 per 6enr ,000 olled cent in a (Figu gr $139 oup $183 re 2) health . plan all year. Real 10% $405 $107 $23 $23 $37 $36 $4,000 $34 $224 $1,500 16% 15% 10% $224 $2,000 $285 $36 $37 o $131and w (4 $ $5 3 percen ,0 ,0 $ 0 0 1 0hourly 0 5ere t 28 dec empl percen rease, oyees t l $167 0 ow percen (F er igure in 2023 (Figure t 15). decrease) $24 for 20). primary $1 0care 0 ph $2y ,0sician $ 01 0,500 v$114 isits. $22 4% o 3%Family Cov $165 erage: Real deductibl $165 es for family coverage dec $250reased from $$2,357 2,000 $2to 0 $2,270 from 2013 to 2023, while $200$140 individuals who switch plans throughout the calendar year. $200 $23 1$ .0o 6% ,000The $1 40 ,0 l% argest $0 30 0 $300increase in family deduc $29$161 tibles between $332013 and 2023 oc $2,500 curred $38among enrollees $38$23 in comprehensive 2% $207 $1,500 Male $384 $25 $413 $414 52% Ind 5% ustry $174 0% $38 $200$334 $157 $250 $339 $29 $161 $37 40% $1,0 $0 10 ,500 0% $25 $407 $29 $32 $30$ 0800 $128 $25 $268 $100 $154 $4,0 un 001ion 0% plan 1s .5%($3,934) $185 in 2023 (Figure 30). $25 $15 $31 $106 $269 $35 $122 $3,000 $367 $152 6$259 .2 $22 % $265 $100 $36 $155 $33 $100 $181 $180 $318 $35 $1,0 $2 00 00 $36 $200 deductibles$38 have narrowed (Figures 8 –9). $120 $ $1 25 20 $4,000 $36 $35 $35 10% $400 $28 $28 $38 $38 $147 Nominal $ $31-0 $122 .5% $102 $24 1 8% 0% $1 $5 3,000 ? $2,0$4,220 00 $1,200for comprehens 10% ive enrollees. $24 $2 $4 1008% $37 $309 $32 4.2% $148 $325 $120 $171 $355 $118 $3$158 ,00$35 0 $34 $146 $246 $27 $340 $100 $10 $145 $24 $36 $169 $36 $1 $5 00 ,0$32 00 $33 $143 $142 $35 $30 $36 $27 $36 $10$ 01,000 $223 $33 $142 10% $27 $27 $272 $80 $1,00$21 0 $301 $300 $333 $163 $327 $30 $200 $93 $$33 1,500 $21 10% $4,000 6% $213 dollar nom $$35 3F i 1na ema amount $1 l$160 l,5 e de 00 ductis blare es for ex fam pres ily c sed overag in e i 2023 ncreas dollars ed 48% from . $1,802 to Oil$2 & $ 1g ,27 5as 0 $ 3ex ,0 0 from 0 tr 0acti$135 on, 20 min13 ing to 2023 (Figure 3). Real de 0%ductibles $15$25 $1pl 10ans $243. Inc $1reases 0$341 $20 in family deductibles were 9.2 percen $3 t 0(real $33 $22 terms $80$2$22 ,0) 00and 12.2 $1,500 $22 percen $23 $22t (nomi $23$22 nal terms) among $3,000 $150 $20 $23 $1,0 $0 20 ,0o00 Costs $1,000 can be shifted to enrollees without increasi $23 ng coins $1,5 ur $31 00ance rates. 10% $$ 31 000 $152 $100 $60 $0 3,000 $2,000 $32 10% $22 1$ 52 % 00 $148 $276 1% $33 $150 $4,000 $317 4% $124 -1$145 .0% $3,000 $80 $20 $30 $150 $1,500 2% $1,00oo 0 (3 Primary ? per $1Specia ,0 c00 ent care decrease, 1 list ph ph ysician ysician per of c v fic ent isit e decrease) v cisit opay copay ments $142 for ments w sp er ecialist e ar $near 21e near l yv isit identic ly $32 is dentic (F al igur $i3n 2023 in health pl al ,00e 0among 12). union and non $32 ans of -union $22 $120 $2 $0 50 $2,000 $200 $32 $3,00 $118 0 $150 $50 $22 $259 $3,000 $279 $31 $10 $359 $186 $10 $800 $254 $29 $80 $3,000 $4,0 $111 $ 06 0 0 $28 $150 $32 $32 $150 $3$ 02 0,000o OOP maximums for family coverage als $25 o averaged less in M un anuf $ion $ 19 actur ,0 000 plan ing s ($5,175) than in non- $1,500 $251 $246 $226%6%$4,0de 00 creas $1,00ed 0 by 8 percent, while nominal dedu$339 ctible decreased $2 0by 25 percent. Re $5 al deductibles peaked at $2,705 in 2019 o Pay comprehens 5% roll Status ive pl : Sal an 5% ar enroll ied indiv ees. Real iduals have hi family deduc gher $29 deducti tibles dec bles reased $ $ 5 than 20 ,0 000$1,5 for hour 00$1,0 al l 0y l 0 other individual heals th pl (Figur anse , w 10) hi. le nomi This nal $10 -1.0% $235 30% $255% $2,000 ?$7,0$3,407 00 for PPO/POS enrollees. $240 $120 Nominal $ $21 $21 $200$21 $21 $21 $21 $200$28 5% $325 $33 $50 $0 500 5%$5 $322 $31 4% $400 $1$ 00 500 5% $22 $25 $100 $6$ 02,0$ 01 00 $314 $60 10%5% 5% $150 $500 $10 5% $100 $19 workers sal aried (Figure and hourl 21). y employees (Figure 16). $1,000 $216 $21 $100 $800 -2% $50 $6,027 $6,022 $10 $50 $23 $20 $31 $147 $5,961 $5,965$199 $60 0% $90 5%$292 3% $0 $20 $100 $2,000 $$ 11 ,0 000 -3.0% $192 o Ri $1,0 s0ing 0 $50medical costs lead to enrollees paying more $100 $automa 3,0$ 04 0 0 tically even i $5f c ,777oinsurance $5,818 rates are $5P 00 lan Type $3,000 Durabl $2 e g ,0$ 05 oo 0 ,72ds 2 26% $50 $2 $,0 50 00 0 $2,374 $20 10%un $10ion plans ($5,996) in 2023 (Figure 30). $100 $1,000$0 $40 and continued to decrease afterward. $33 $ $192 1,000 $2,306 0% c deduc orr $6es ,000ti ponds bles dec to s reased alaried for workers HMO/EPO having plans higher and av inc erage w reased ages for PP $ , 2w 5$1 O hi ,0 $0 /POS c 80 0h mak and HRA es $188 them heal more th pl likel ans y to . The be largest $2,500 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 $5,455 $600 $2 2.1 ,2% 70 $2,270 •APPENDIX $Th 1,00ere 0 is con $100 siderable variation in cop -3% ayment levels by type of $healt 5,385 h care service. 5%$20 $2,210 $100 $2,000 $1,000 $2,0 $20 00 $20 $200 $0 $2,0$247 00 $0 $200 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 $$ 21 000 $242 $224 $0 4% $25 $1,000 $0 2013 $2 2,0 01 04 0 201$0 5 22 00 11 36 -1% 201 24 017 201520 21 08 16 2 20 01 17 9 202 10 820 2019202 20 120 2 20 02 21 2 202 20 2232023 4% 5% $1,000 $2,065 1.5% $ • 2$ 01 $,0 10 0Enrollment 0 0 in a health reimbursement arrangement (HRA) rose from 2013 to 2020 but $20 $$ 11 500 $21 $4,907 $1,000 2013 2014$6 20 00 15 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 $20 2% 20 $1 53 0 2014 2015 2016 2$1 01,9 71 80 .3% 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 $19$50 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 1.2 20% 19 2020 2021 1.2% 2022 2023 $1$ ,0 50 00 Compr 201eh 3 en 20 si 1v 4e 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2019% 21 2022 2% $216 2023 $20 -1 N .5 on %durable goods $12 ,9 04 10 3 2014 2015 2011 6.82 % 017 2018 2019 2028% 0 2021 2022 2023 $31 Compreh ? ensic v$3,508 eons $12 $0 8tant. $1 2for 5 04 13 $ 2HRA 1 05 17 4 2$ 01 1enroll 4 5720$ 11 648 2ees 01$ 714 2. 0 018$1 24 07 19 $ 21 05 28 0 2$ 01 25 19 20$ 21 256 202$ 3158 $40 $0 $2,000 $500 $1,874 5% $1,000$5 $145 $1,857 $40-1%$2,000 $2,000 $0 2013 2014 2015 2 -4% 016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 $5 2023 2% Com $0 prehensive $5,000 $4$ ,41 8,8 9 02 $98 $120 $122 $116 $119 $115 $123 $134 $142 $150 $158 abl dec e to afford reases in fami a higher ly deduc -deduc tiblti es bl e were plan. 5 percent (real terms $30 ) Und and er 22.4 perc 6 $500 $ent 17 (nominal 2013 terms 2014 2015 ) for 2016 HMO/EPO. 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 20% $2,000 $0 $190 2013 2014 0% 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Oil$ & 10 G 0as Ex $32 tractio$ n3 , 2 Mining $34 $7 $3 37 4 $98$ 134$854 $$ 39 488 $1$ ,0 33 67$1,0$ 03 34 $1,040 $ $3 15 ,177 $36 $43 5% $0 $500 $0 $5 -5 • .0% $5 We found ? 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Department $1Ad ,01m 0$ is 1s ,2 io 3n 5$1,30Ph 4$y 1s ,3 ic 5ia 9$ n1 Offi ,420 c$ e1,5Ph 36$ ys 1i,8 ci4 a2 n$ Offi 1,95 ce 5$1,748$1,8 14% 50$1,698 $1,350 $3,52 $2 1,351 $1,000 $0 $502% Oil & Gas Ex $0 tra $$ c4 ti 1 ,0 o ,0 n 0 $ 0 , 0 1 0 M ,3 in 1i2 $0 ng $1,314 $3,4 $7 13 ,316 $3,463 $15 Comprehe $0 nsive $677 $764 $789 $724 $863 $744 $462 $1,289 $1,148 $1 13% ,209 $1,235 2$ 05 10 3 2$ 05 10 4 2 $0 51 35 2 $0 51 36 $ 25 02 17 $ 25 06 18 $2 50 319 $2 50 320 2021 2022 202 $0 3 0% 13% 13% 26 –34 $2,60 $2,69 $2,88 $2,82 $2,91 $2 $,8 3,6 35$ 62,86 $2,75 $2,72 $2,61 $2,44 $1,274 26 Ma –n 34 ufacturi $n 1g ,9 $0 , 8 Dura 9 $2 b,0 le9 G 7oo $ $d 2 1s ,2 ,04 01 0 $ $2 22 ,221$2 13% $ 22,34 $6 22$2,3 $6 22 3 $2 $,4 23 02 $ $2 23 ,343$2 $4 2,42$ 024$2,5 $1 23 13% 4 $2$ ,4 24 31 $23 $1,5 Com 00 Oip l & reh G ea n $0 s s Ex ivetracti 2o 0n 1, 3Mini2 n0 g13 2014 2014 20% 2015 2015 20% 2016 20 21 16 % 2017 22 10 % 17 201820% 201 M $0 8anufac 2t0 uri 1 19 9 ng %, Dura 2019 ble G 2013 1 o 29 od 0% 2s 0 2014 2020 2015 20% 202016 21 202 2017 1 2018 2022 2019 2022 2020 20 2021 23 202022 23 2023 12% $20 Manufactu26 ri0% n – g34 , Dura $0 $8 b8 l$ e6 4 G 1oo $d 9s $ 84 31 $$ 29 1$ ,0 41 2 $ 428 $ $9 4 $ 1 2 2 98 $$ $ 14 2 ,0 1 873 $$ 2$ 4 99 003 $ 12% 2$ 84 $2 5$ 52 18$4 $0 $ 12 ,5 817 $3 $$ 9 21 7,29$ $ 13 28 3 $1,2 $5 $ 29 3 34$1,235 O $$0 2 il0 & Gas Extraction, Mining $ $2 21 98 $ $12% 2 24 90 $ $2 24 90 $ $2 33 09 $ $3 20 38 $ $3 21 59 $ $3 22 00 $ $3 23 012% 0 $34 $33 $33 -2% 5% PPO 0% /PO heal 20 S13 th c 20 $1 1are 4 45sal 2 $s 0 1aried 1 4ervi 5 7 $2 1c 0 51es 7and hourl 6 $ 1 are 2 70 117 $ris 182 30 iy ng 18 $empl 18fas 4201 $- 9 1 tes 1oy 8 .6 8% 2ees t 0 $2 1 for 0 69 (F empl 2 $0 12 i 6gure 1 2 $oy 2 10 42 3ees 17). 2 $12 1 0 1i 2n 3 the whol 2011% 3es2al 01e 4 and 2015 retail 2016 trade 2017 i 2ndus 018 2try 019 (F 20igures 20 2021 2022 2023 $29 2 Und 0 O 1i3 l & er 2 G2 6 a0 s1 Ex 24 01tra 3 c 22 ti 00 o 11 n 54 , M2 in 2 0i0 2013 n 11 g 56 202014 1 26 017 20 2015 17202 10 8 2016 18 2 2 2 0 0 0 % 2017 1 19 9 22 0 2018 0 22 00 22 2019 00 2 2 % 1 021 22020 022202 2 2021 0 22 21 3%22022 023 2023 21% 21% 201Und 3 e 22 r 2 00 11 6 3 2 40% 20 22 1 00 3 11 45 202 1 2 0 4 0 1 21 5 16 % 202 12 0 50 11 67201 26 2 2 00 1 11 % 78 2012 7 2 00 11 82 9018 22 00 12 9 20 019 22 00 22 2 01 02022 00 22 2 10 22122 00 2 22 2 03 22 202 20 323 Und Em ee r 2 rg6 enc Dep y De $1 a5 rtm p0 artm en$ te1 n5 t 7 $Ad 11 78 m 1% issi$ o1 n $ 8 30 ,$ 01 99 ,1 $Ph 3 10 8 1 y 6 9 s% icia $n 1 Off 86 ice$192 Ph 19% ys$ ic 1i7 a2 n Offi $c 1e 6619% $147 $111 19% Und 20Man %er 2 uf6 acturin $ $ g 1 1 ,1 ,0 D 5 1 u 09 r0 a % b $le 12 Go 2 ods $133$2 10 ,6 $ % 8 1 04 $2 1,98$ 2$ 12 5,0 0601 $$ 9 21 % ,3 53 3 0$2,$ 41 86 5$ 12,73 $ 1 31 9 $4 % 26 ,966$ $3 1,4 17 77$3$ ,1 1 2 1 4 0 62 % $3,1$ 61 11 $3 1,271 $ Man O 1 M 5 ia l & u 2 nf0 u aG 1 fca t3 O a u cs ritliu Ex n & ri gn ,2 G tra $0 D g 0a , u $ 1c s rDura 1 4 a 2 ti Ex ,7 b o 0 le 1 n 1tra , 2 3 b Go 2 M le 0 c$ o i2 1 ti n G d 2 o 0 5 is n ,0 o 1 ng o , 4 1d M 1s 2 i2 n 0 0 $ $ i1 n 1 2 26 g 5 ,0 ,1$ 9 47 1 2 8 $,3 0 3 21 $ ,2 0 $ 0 2 6 1 1 1 4 ,5 7 ,6 $ 05 1 2 6 1 ,5 0 61 9 $ 2 7 0 2 $ 0 $ ,1 6 1 1 2 ,7 4 8 ,6 0 87 1 7 4 8 $ 7 $ 2 $ 2 1 $ ,1 2 0 9 ,1 1 ,7 5 0 1 ,6 0 8 1 9 2 1 5 9 50 $$ 31 2 ,2 0 $ ,7 08 0 1 2 6 9 2 ,7 0 5 02 $ $4 1 2 3,,8 0 32 $ 2 1 61 1 6 0 4,7 2 $1 $ 2 2 23 ,1 0 7 ,2 59 3 2 $ 5 5 21 $ 0,5 2 2 2 $0 ,3 2 3 32 ,9 0 7 32 40 $ $2 1 10 ,9 $ ,4 2 36 6 ,3 5 6 50 $ 41 $,9 1 $,3 2 3,7 3 2$ 9 51 1,6$ 93 8,271 20O 13 il & Ga 2s0 Ex 14 PPO tra $c 1ti /PO ,3 2 o0 n 01 , 9 S 5 M$ in 1i,5 ng 6 22 11% 01$ 61,5911% 3 20$ 11 7,312 2 $0 11 ,4 827 $1 2,3 0Vi 1 69 s 0it $1,4 24 06 20$1,46 27 11% Vi 02 s $ 1 i1 t ,36820 $2 12 ,407 $ 21 0,3 23 35 Com Com 2 p0 re 1 p3 h re e 2 h n 0 e s 1 n i3 v se ive20$ 13 45 1 22 0% 1 2 $ 4 $ 0 11 3 17 5 1 $1 2 $ 1 0 3 1 1 76$1 14 0 $ 22 % 9 3 00 6 11 5 $ 71 24 0$ 9 % 3 25 0 $1 18 59 $3 1$ 4 4 21 % 0 2 7 1 0 2 4 9 1 0 $6 % 4 $0 12 30 72$ 0$ 41 432 3 20 0 2 % 2 $ 01 4 2 % 0 01720 $2 32 1 2 2 2 $0 0 1 32 % % 23 2018 20% 21% Com 2 20 01 p 19 re 32 h0 e 2 % n 02 s 12 0 i3 v8 1 e% 4 2$ 02 1 2 7 4 2 0 $0 1 1 12 5 8 1 2 0 $ % 1 0 $ 21 9 85 $ 5 21 0 21 1 2 $ 4 6 $ 2 % 2 8 09 6 1 $6 12 1 20 $ 8 $ 21 8 2 2 % 27 5 0 0 8$ 2 11 1 7 $ 31 5 2 $ 1 0 2 2 2 7 1 8 2 0 $ 8 % 1 1 $8 4 17 2 $8 2 22 8 0 $0 $ 1 11 1 9 52 9 4 2$ 0 32 34 2 $ $ 2 21 1 0 05 2 1 2 27 3 5 0 0 $ % 3$ $ 81 2 11 2 0 43 0 2 4$ 2 13 1$ 51 22 4 00 4 2 2 2 $ 3 0 2 2 2 2 $ 9 2 2 1% 3 28 0$ 22 3 3 $ 0 2 1 21 31 $1 ? ,0 H55 MO $1,818 /2 E 0P 1O 3 for $HMO/EPO 1,0 20 51 74 enroll 2015 ees (F 20i1gure 6 28). 19% 2017 2018 utilities 2019 2020 2021 2022 14% 2023 2 20 01 13 3 2014 201 25 014 2016 2017 202 10 518 2019 2 20 02 10 6 2021 2022 20172023 2035 18 – M 44 anufact2 u $ 0 ri 3 1 n 1 3 g2 , 0 Non 12 9 $ 0d 3 1u 2 4rable 2$ 03 13 5 20 22 $ 00 3 13 6 2$ 03 13 7 2 20 0 $1 2 38 1 3 20 $1 39 5 20 $ 22 3 00 4 22 20 $2 31 5 20 $2 3 2 2 6 02320$ 23 34 $10enrollees with empl 10%10%oyee 10%10% -only coverage were the only enroll 2013 ees 2014 to 20ex 15$1perienc 52016 201e a 7 2reducti 018 10% 201 10% 9on i 202n OO 0 2021 P 10%10% 2022 2023 $2,750 HMO/EPO OiM l & an G ua fa sc Ex turi tra ng c, tiDura o2 n0 , 1 M b 3iln ei n G 2 go 0o 1d 4s 201 $5 $3 288 520$ 1$3 3 607 9 20 $ $3 1 37 0 79 2$ 0 $3 3 10 8 83 2 $3 $ 02 1 7 9 96 $3 2 $0 38 2 10 4 $3 $ 22 8 03 28 1 $3 $2 2 90 32 52$38 202$3 3 4 $33 Oil & Gas Extraction, Mining$448 $572 $672 $734 $7459% $706 $705 $751 $834 $636 $522 oo Unio Average famil n vs. Non y -deducti Union:bles Indi 9% v fell idual bys 0.6 in uni per ons cent hav in e l real ow ter er ms deduc and r tibl ose es than by 9% 2.1 thos per $2,e 94c 8not i ent $3,381in uni n nominal $3,352 $ons 3,435 $ 3(F ,3 9ter i 2gure $3ms ,183 $among 3,614 $3,869 $0 M Und a Com n 35 e ur 2 f – a44 p c6 re tuh rie nn g $s , 2 iDura v ,4 2 e4 0$ % $ 1 b2 ,0 le ,5 0 G 3 01 o$ 5 o2 % d,7 s4 $21 ,7 93 %$2,81 06$ % 2,79 $2 20 ,7 % 7 $2,6 15 4% $2,64 2 $1 2% ,52 $2 1,3 7% 2 20% 17%$0 21% 35 Ma –n 44 1u 6f% acturi $n 1g ,8 , 2 7 Non 1 2%$d 1u ,9 1 ra 2 6b % 8le$2,132 52% $2,1 $2 8 50 4 2% 9 $ $2 1,2 ,05 99 92 $1 1 $% ,3 2,3 75 0$ 1 01 6,2 % $4 25 ,3 $2 19 ,10 2 $ 9 1 2 $% ,2 1,2 50 0 27 0 $ $ % 1 2,2 ,35 41 9 $1$ ,4 2 20 2 ,4 6 % $ 21 0,3 2$ 3 22 0 % $ ,3 12 ,3 708$1,351 Oil M HM a & n u O Ga f/EPO as c tE u35 x ritn r – a g c 44 , tion Non , Mi $ d5 u n 8 $ ra ing 6 4b 1le $7$ 34 61 $$ 86 42 4 $ $9 43 22 $ $ 24 9 21 2 % 6Vis$ i$ t48 057 $1 4 $ 9 2 8 % 40 $4 Vi 0 $s 8i8 t 4$3 29 0$ % 938$37$66$ 23 14 9% $522 17% M Ma an nu uffa ac cttu u 1 ri ri 7 n n % g g, , Dura Nond bu le ra G bl1 o e7 o% ds 17% 17% 18% 18% UndeHRA r 2$0 6 $5,8$ 73 8$0 ,00 $0 7,9 $2 60 99 $8 $ $,0 2 3,1 8 66 5 46 $$ $ 48 2 ,3 ,2 1 56 2 69 $4$ ,3 2 $1 6 8 08 ,1 $6 46 ,3 $6 21 8 $7 $ 84 ,0 ,2 5$ 17 7 21 $8 3 $,8 8,4 6$ 24 1 $ 1 4 41 ,3$ 08 8$ ,2 $1 4 3 8 ,2 5 054$$ 52 ,9 81 12 $ $2 66 ,6 090 $1 $6 60 ,317 $0 $0 $231 $256 $230 $341 $238 $299 $186 $162 $150 $150 $150 HM M O a/EPO nufacturing, Dura 2013ble G 20 o1 o4 ds 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Under 2 HM 6 Man O$ /EPO 4 uf,4 ac 9t4 urin $ g6 , ,1 No $0 9n 1du$ r2 a 60 b ,2 1 le 7 3Go 2 2 o $0 d 61 s,5 41320 $1 65 ,562 901 $6 6,62 40 017 $7,0 20 81 28 8% $6 2,9 01 99 3 $ 25 0,2 20 57 2$ 06 2,4 1 25 20$ 26 2,31 27 023 0%ManufaIn c26 tu pr – at in34 g ien , N t Ad ond $u m $ 3 r1 2 a is 5 b 0 s 6 le ion $ Go 3$ 1 o1 5 d6 s0$3 $0 1,9 $ 81 41 6 0 $ 6 8 3 % $ 42 7,$ 03 1 $6 7 38 2$ 32,3 $ $ 71 3 28 3 14 1 7 $% 2 1,$ 6 74 $ % 56 1 87 83 $2 $,3 53 6 $3 0 18$ 9 $ 11 2 2 7 ,9 6 4 % % 2 5 $ 81$ 6 $3 9 28 ,7 005 $$ 11 6 $1 4 2 48 8 1 ,9% 8 2% 1$1$ 42 9 ,639$1 $1 2 28 1 ,5 % 6 18 7% $2,297 18% 18 26 % –34 1$23 8% $ $2 14 15 9 19% $ $2 14 25 4 17% $ $2 14 30 1$1 19 ,4 $ $ % 0 2 1 7 7 4 $ 3 1 0 17 ,5 % 8$ $ 22 $ 16 1 40 ,8 845 $23 1 $ $ $ 9 2 2 1 % ,7 1 5 1 7 3 1 7 2% $2$ ,$ 0 $24 3 1 69 5 22 $ 82,1$ 6 $ 1 2 61 9 $ 8 1 4 % $24 2 1 7 4 ,2 % 69$ $ $2 2 11 ,4 4 8 6 82$2 $$ ,3 3 1 1 2 6 4 4 7 0 5 73 % % $2,4 $$ 6 11 7 42 $ 8 2 1,297 10% $1,0 M0 a0 n 26 uf – a34 cturing, $Non 1,56d 2ura $b 1l,8 e 4 G 3oo$ d1 s,9$ 01 1,11 $1 1,6 $1 1 ,4 715 $$ 11 ,7 ,7 06 28$$ 11 ,5 ,5 88 18 $1$ ,3 17 ,6 95 $5 1,4$ 61 5,6 $1 6,4 4 9$ 11 $,5 1,6 22 55$ $1 1,4 ,49 45 8$1 $,3 1,3 62 2$ 61,351 $21 26 $22 –34 Goo $d 1s ,194 $1$22 ,432 $$ 12 ,4 3$22 79 $ $2 12 ,274$22 $2 $2 1,36$ 923 $1,3$ 02 93 $1,3 $2 85 8 $1 $,4 23 14 $ $1 2,3 3 54$22 $$ 21 3,390 $2$ 2 $21 1,32 $6 23 Com Manp uf re ac M $0 h $0 HM te a uri n HM ns u O ng ifv a /EPO O e , Dura c/EPO tu $ 0% ri 1n ,2 g bl 3 , e 7 Dura $29 G$ o1 od b ,0 $ le s 4 4 1 1 Go$ o$ 1 d $ 1 ,1 s4 20 6 87 $$ 1$ 1 34 ,8 4529 $13 $ $8 1 4,9 8$ 61 4 14 4$ 6 % $ 31 7$ ,9 15 56 2 $4$ $ 01 1,0 41 9 45 $ 2% 4 $0 1 $3 29 ,97 $$ 5 31 54 $0 2,9 1$ $ 5 8 4 1 % 3 1 44$2 $ $ ,8 1 3 3 9 03 8 $ $1 2 1 $5 ,9 1 2% 9 6 $0 83 Compre C 1 h M om 6 e% an ns pre uf iv$0 e ac $0 h HM en t$ uri 1 s O ,9 ing HRA v /EPO e 2, Dura 7 15$ % $ 91 4bl ,8 6 e 67 G $$ o 83 $ od 01 1 9,7 $ s1 1 7 6 6 4 $ $ % 0 8 $ 36 6 9 $ 1 $ 8 $ 21 3 ,9 6 0 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8 $ 3 HRA 7 ,4 ,3 $5 1 0 2 6 1 09 $ 73 % ,4 $1 47 80 HRA 35 – Fe 144 7m % $ al 3 Wh e ,8(Em 0o 5lepl sa $ ol8 Com e y,1 ee & 3-O 1 2 Ret p 8re n % la $ y hi7 )e l ,1 Tra n $s 2 6i,7 9 v M de e 6 a1 l$ e $ 73 ,4 ,0 $ 11 5 1 83 6 9HM 0 % $Fe $ 3$ 7 ,1 O 1 ,4 m 4 3 /EPO a 8 4 8l7 $ e3 $,3 1$ 3 9 7 9 8 ,8$ 3 $3 1 1 1,6 9 4% 5 2$ 58 $ $ PPO ,0 1 34 ,6 70 7 2 /PO 2 $$ 1 $3 6 S 8,5 0 ,98 6 $ 1 0 4 1 8 $ 5 % 3 9$ ,4 5$ 4 ,2 1 06 3 $2 3 3,3 HRA $7 $ 18 8 4,2 $ 93 1,3 1 $ 99 1 1% 6 52 $ $7 3 $ ,3 ,4 10 7 40 0 8 Who45 les – a54 le45 & – Ret Uti 54a liti il e Tra s$1 38 d ,5 % e $ 02 830 $3,8 $2 8$ 6 92 30 $3 $$ ,9 4 $ 2 1 8 5 2 8 9 5 2 2 %$ $4 $ 5 $ ,2 1 3 20 2 23 5 $$ $ 4 $ 4 2 9 2 ,4 081 50 $$ 1 4 $ 2 9 $ 8 4 5 % 2,3 91 7 $ $ 0 5 36 $ 3 $3 40 ,3 4 $ $ 1 3 5 6 2 9 $$ 24 9 1 $ ,0 0 $ 9 3 5 % 7 9 9 7 $3 $ $ 4 3 $ 3 6 ,9 5 79 9$ 02 $4 $ 3 $8 3 2 5,5 58 $ 1 $ 1 1 9 2 $ 6 % 6 $ 5 73 0,545 $43 19 45 % Sa –54 lCom arie $d 1 m (F 7 $ u 6 2 n a,6 im c8 a il2 ti y $ 1 o )2 9 n 0 $ % s 4 3,,0 & 2Uti 1 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3$ $ 2 0 ,4 3 2 ,1 $6 ,3 2 7 4 8 ,0 2 8$ 9 $ 73 $ 2 1,3 3 $ ,3 $,3 6 2 5 2 ,4 4 0 1 52 6 $ $7 $ 2 3$ 3 ,2 ,4 6 ,1 $ 5 0 ,1 3 8 6 44 5 3 $ $ 5 2 $ 3 $ ,4 3 ,1 5 ,0 7 ,4 87 6 $ 0 8 6 $ 36 $ 2 3 $ $ 3 ,1 2 6 ,0 ,9 ,2 77 8 9 6 0 $ 4 $ 32 $ $ 3 $,0 2 2 2 6,9 ,8 ,1 67 0 7 4$ 5 3 12 $ $ $ ,0 2 2 2,7 7 ,6 93 0 8$ 4 22,0 $4 22 Sa 7 larie Man d (F Fiun a fa a m c ntic u lye r) in , HRA g In , s Du ura ran ble ce $Go , 5Re ,0 o5 da 4 sl Es $ $5 2ta ,5 4te 41 $ $ $2 1 52 ,8 ,70 30 8 $ $1 2 $,8 5 5,9 92 1 $6 $ 12 ,9 $ 26 4,1 0$7 1 $0 ,6 18 $ 95 2$ ,8 1$ 2 ,8 2 77 0$ 0$ 51 ,4 $ ,8 2 35 6 09$ $2 5,0 ,2 $2 7 28 8 0 $1 $,8 4 $,8 5 20 9 7 $8 1,8 $$ 6 32 ,0 88 $1 15 ,9$ 9 $6 0 2$ ,1 724 ,0 142 55 –64Finan$ c5 e,5 , I7 n1 sura $6 n,7 ce 2, 7Re$ a6 l Es ,39ta 7te$6,792 $6,820 1 $8 6% ,994 $6,739 19% $6,495 $5,5 10 87 % $6,073 $ 15 9,9 % 07 Who55 1 les 9 – % a64 le & Retail Tr1 a9 de % $ $3 3,2 ,9 8 0 3 6% 4 1 $ $4 3,,7 87 81 7 $ $4 4,,8 1 2 0 0 0 1 2 % $ $4 4,,6 17 75 3 $ $4 5,,6 19 1 25 4 0% $ $5 5,,7 65 97 2 $ $5 5,,3 52 01 2 50$ $ % 4 5,,5 55 98 6 $ $5 5,,9 83 62 51$ $ 96 5 % ,,3 83 49 5 $ $6 5,,7 84 63 1 ManufacturEm ing,e D rg ue ra nb cle y De Goo pd a srtm $5e ,1 n4 t6 $6,141 $6,172 $5 In ,9 p3 a5tie $n 5t ,8Ad 36m $6 is,s 9i8 o 6n$6,343 $5,365 $6,670 $6,601 $6,743 $ Em 4,2e 5rg 9en $c 5y ,2 De 26pa $rtm 4,9e 7n 6t $5,350 $5,486 In $5 p,7 ati6 e4 nt $ Ad 5,6 m5is 4sio $n 5,518 $4,898 $5,833 $5,907 Male Fi (Fn aa m nilc ye ), Insurance, $Re 2,3a 4l Es 1 $ta 2,te 455 $2,724 $2,747 $2,796 $2,801 $2,834 $2,762 $2,728 $2,582 $2,389 HSA Eligible HSA El Whoo lesa ig le iIn b & le Re20 tail $ T19 4 ra ,6 d0 e, 2 c $om 4,508preh $5$ ,0 45 ,6 01 $7 5en ,0$ 04 3s ,8 $i 5 4v ,5 27e 4 $$ 4pl 5 ,9 ,2 1an 91 1 87$ % $ 6s 4 ,3 ,8 ha 57 04 $6,d th $ 90 47 ,8$ 1 26 7 6 ,e % 56$ 14l$ow ,8 6,0 59 88es $ $4 6,,5 1 5t 8 9 0% 5de 4$6$ ,0 4du 8 ,1 63 $0c 5,8ti $ 61 3 bl 17 ,9 % 7 es 6 , but 1the 8% y afte 1rw $ 83 % ,5ard 18 $3,5 inc 021$ 8reas 3 % ,591 $ed 3,81 6to 19 $% 3,9 ha 51v $e th 3,959 19e $% 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$29 $28 Em 18p % $l3 o0 yee-O$ n2 ly8 Cov2 e0 $ ra % 2g 7e $2Fa 7Em mip lylo $ Co 2y 2 0e 8 % v ee -O ran g $ ly e 28 $2 27 0% $23 $22 20% 452 –1 54 % $22 2 $0 2% 2 Em $p 2lFa o 3ym ee il-y O $2 2 n0 2 ly % Cov$ e2 ra 2ge $21 2 Fa 9% mily $ Co 23 vera$ g2 e419%$24 $23 19% $22 Who Se lerv saic le e & s Retail Trade $196 $229 $194 $232 $262 $268 $289 $294 $281 $261 $251 Uni FeWh ma on (F o lel e (a s F m a almil ie ly & )y)Retail Trade $1,059$ $1 15 ,1 070$$ 11 7,3 849 $1 $5 11 ,39 $1 1$ 81 3,4$ 72 11 $1 1,6 $1 26 2$ 11,5 $2 64 22 $1$ ,6 22 59 0$1 $,7 25 50 3$$ 12 ,7 59 10$ $1 2,8 51 48 Employee-Only Cove2 ra 1g % e Famil2 y1 Co %verage 22% 21% 21% 23% $1,81Em 6 21$ % p 1l,o 8y 3e 4e-$ O 2n ,0 ly 0 Co 0 21$ % v1 e,9 ra 9g 8e $2,09Fa 821 m $% 2il,y 1 Co 27 v $e 2ra ,1g 3e 725 $% 2,045 $2,16325 $% 2,248 $2,129 Hou Hou Se Uni rv rl rl oy iy n c (F (F (F esa a am m miilily ly y))) $2,0 $3 10 ,3$ 82 5$ ,3 $ 11 7 ,1 ,5 600 $ 76 2 $,5 $ 11 ,3 9,7 2 33 $ 04 2 $$ ,5 11 ,4 6 ,7 2 16 6 $ 6 $ 2$ 1 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e2,37$ 54,$ 02 4,8 36 $1 4,0 $0 25,5 $7 41 ,06 $7 2,$ 54 3 ,8 795 $2 $,5 6,0 08 61$$ 2 20 5,,5 0 13 8 41 1 $ $4 2,20 ,5 57 414 1 7$3 $,2 8,7 4 20 1 07 $ 15 4$ ,2 21 ,4 13 20 $2 3,16 9 $5 29 ,3$ 43 1 20 ,7$ 9 17 2 2,1292018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Services 19% 2013 12 80 % 14 2015 19% 2016 2017 19%2018 201 19 8% 2020 21 09 2% 1 2022 12 90 % 23 20% 19% 19% 20% Female (Fam Pri ilym ) ary Care Physician Office Vi Sas la itried SpeciHou alist rlPh y ysician Office Vi901 D sit Street, SW, Sui Se Ferv mial cte e e s(Fa 802 Um nPri ion ilym )(Fam ary Ca ily) re Physician $ 2 O 1ffice $ Vi 22sit $24 Sp $e 2c 4ialis$ t 2 Ph 5 ysi$ c2 ia5 n Offi $2 c6 e Vis $i2 t 6 $25 $23 $23 Serv Uo in cio es n ( Fa Data mily) on $5O ,63O 0 $3 $P ,4 60 ,8 9maxim 85 $$ 56 ,2,7 75 59$ $5 7ums ,1 ,2 17 68 $ $7 5 ,1 ,w 53 14 9ere $$ 75 ,0 ,79 1unav 2 9$7 $,0 5,2 63 53ai $6$ ,4 l4abl 4 ,66 8$ 05e ,3 $3 3,for 4 38 $ 65,9 $HSA 9 34 ,8$ 05 1,8$ 4- 5 2el ,639igi $5bl ,17e 5 heal Servth pl ices ans. $4,304 $5,3 $2 4,9 60 $6 5$ ,2 45 ,0 7 9$ 85 $,7 3,3 97 39$$ 54 ,7 ,32 57 9$ $5 4,8 ,60 41 4$ $4 5,,8 649 24$$ 35 ,9,4 26 76 $2 $ ,8 47 ,7 64 $4 3$ ,35 8,7 1 5 $5 6,4 $1 55 ,8 $4 52 ,175 Se Finrv an icc ees, Insu55 ran –c 64 e, Real$ Es 18ta 3 te$2$ 02 97$$ 2$ 3 0 $ 2 9 8 2 28 1$$ 1$ 4 $ 21 2 3 96 12$ $2 $ 4 $ 7 3 5 2 0 045$ $$ 2 43 $ 5 61 2 537$ $ $4 2 35 $ 5 02 085 $ $ $ 3 4 2 1 5 4 $4 27$ 0 $3 $ 4 1 2 53 $9 3$ 8$ 2 24 82$2 $5 2 $4 4 40 $ $1 2 $ 6 3 3 87 $36 55 –64 Fina $n 1c 4e 0, Ins$ u1 ra 6n 2ce, Re $1a 7l2 Esta$ te 20$ 6 $1 35 09$1 $ $9 1 37 0 20 $ $$ 2 31 1 59 05 $ $2 30 6$ 123 $ $9 3 26 01 $ $ $ 2 3 2 3 7 0 01 $ $3 2 $ 8 0 30 40 $36 $2$ 43 46 $ $3 16 68 $$ 34 600 construction 0% HSA El HM igiO/EP ble O en 15%rollees ha 16% d the low 1es 7%t deducti 17bl %es, follow 18% ed by PP 1O/POS 9% an 1d 9%compreh 1en 9% sive (Figu 19%res 4 –5). 18% 19% Fin 55 an –c64 e, Insura $n 2c 9e, Re$ a2 l Es 8 tate$30 $170 $$ 21 861 $$ 12 97 5 $1$ 92 07 $200 $2$ 7193 $ $2 1 7 87 $$ 22 07 6 $19 $3 23$190$2$ 2187 Fi 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Volume

Pages 84

EBRI Chartbook

April 2, 2026

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